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Automatic detection of microcalcifications in mammogram images
Hývlová, Denisa ; Jakubíček, Roman (referee) ; Harabiš, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on detection of microcalcification in mammography images. The introduction describes connection between their presence and breast cancer, principle of mammography and the DICOM standard used in radiology. In the following part the methods used for microcalcification enhancement and segmentation are explained. Detection algorithm based on wavelet transform, morphological closing and thresholding was designed in MATLAB. For evaluation of the results a graphical user interface was developed and an algorithm for automatic evaluation of the success rate in annotated mammography database was implemented.
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Evaluation of patient dose in mammography
Polášková, Markéta ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Kolářová, Jana (advisor)
Breast cancer presents serious epidemiological problem, in result of which die more than 2 000 czech women every year. Screening mammography is one of the most expanded and most effective examinations for early detection of this desease but one has to take into account an inconsiderable risk connected with the procedure based on X-ray ionizing radiation. This diploma thesis deals with evaluation of the dose absorbed by the tissue. It contains the description of evaluation of the average dose in glandular tissue on PMMA phantom, as well as results of the measurements on conventional and digital mammograph. A data file with exposure parameters from mammography screening is included and interpreted. Also the Monte Carlo method was used for the dose evaluation, the thesis contains the brief description of the method, concept of analysis model in mammography and results of simulations.
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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Diabetes mellitus and breast cancer screening in Czechia in the context of socio-economic factors
Vrchlavská, Eliška ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Brož, Jan (referee)
This thesis focuses on the relationship of diabetes mellitus and participation in mammography screening in women in the Czechia under the influence of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors, and it is based on the assumption that women with diabetes mellitus participate in secondary prevention of breast cancer less frequently than women without diabetes. Logistic regression analysis methods were used to assess the relationship between participation in mammography screening and diabetes, age, SES (education, household income) and lifestyle (obesity, smoking, alcohol) using European Health Interview Survey (EHIS) data from 2019. The link between SES and lifestyle is assessed for women with diabetes, as well as for women without the diagnosis. The results of this study do not show a statistically significant relationship between diabetes and participation in mammography screening, however, do demonstrate a socioeconomic gradient in participation in screening, both in the diabetes-free and diabetic populations. At the same time, they demonstrate an increased probability of participating in screening for occasional alcohol consumers. Key words: diabetes mellitus, breast cancer, mammography, EHIS, socioeconomic status
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Breast cancer - women's awareness of secondary prevention options
Košáková, Dominika ; Černý, Andrej (advisor) ; Laštůvka, Zdeněk (referee)
The topic of this bachelor thesis is breast cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in women from the Czech Republic. This thesis includes theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part was focused on the description of the issues related to breast cancer. Initially, it guides the reader through the anatomy and development of the female breast. The following chapters then introduce the reader to the different types of breast disease, either benign or malignant. Risk factors, symptoms of the disease, and current methods of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer are also described. The last chapter elaborates on primary, secondary and tertiary prevention of breast cancer. In the practical part, two main objectives have been set. The first was to find out what is the awareness of women about secondary prevention and the second was to find out whether women are actively involved in it. These two objectives were further explored through nine sub-objectives. The research investigation was carried out using an anonymous, quantitative questionnaire survey conducted at the Gynaecology and Obstetrics Clinic of the First Faculty of Medicine of the Charles University in Prague. Data collection at the clinic took place from 1 November 2022 to 31 March 2023 and was carried out using a...
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Automatic detection of microcalcifications in mammogram images
Hývlová, Denisa ; Jakubíček, Roman (referee) ; Harabiš, Vratislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on detection of microcalcification in mammography images. The introduction describes connection between their presence and breast cancer, principle of mammography and the DICOM standard used in radiology. In the following part the methods used for microcalcification enhancement and segmentation are explained. Detection algorithm based on wavelet transform, morphological closing and thresholding was designed in MATLAB. For evaluation of the results a graphical user interface was developed and an algorithm for automatic evaluation of the success rate in annotated mammography database was implemented.
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Texture modeling applied to medical images
Remeš, Václav ; Haindl, Michal (advisor)
and contributions This thesis presents novel descriptive multidimensional Markovian textural models applied to computer aided diagnosis in the field of X-ray mammogra- phy. These general mathematical models, applicable in wide areas of texture modeling outside X-ray mammography as well, provide ideal visual verification using synthesis of the corresponding measured data spaces, contrary to stan- dard discriminative models. All achieved results in the thesis are extensively benchmarked. The thesis presents two methods for breast density classification in X-ray mammography. The methods were tested on the widely known MIAS database and the state-of-the art INbreast database, with competitive results. Several methods for completely automatic mammogram texture enhance- ment are presented. These methods are based on the descriptive textural mod- els developed in the thesis which automatically adapt to the analyzed X-ray texture, thus being universal for any type of input without the need of further manual tuning of specific parameters. The methods' outputs highlight regions of interest, detected as textural abnormalities. The methods provide the pos- sibility of enhancement tuned to specific types of mammogram tissue. Hence, the enhanced mammograms can help radiologists to decrease their false negative...
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Women awareness of breast cancer prevention
Červinková, Barbora ; Di Cara, Veronika (advisor) ; Kulhavá, Miluše (referee)
Prevention of breast cancer using the form of mammographic screening is one of the most important factors involved in early diagnosis and reduction of mortality with this type of cancer, which is the most frequently occurring cancer in women in the Czech Republic. The aim of the study was to investigate the previous use of screening and preventative measures by women who subsequently were diagnosed by breast cancer. The survey was conducted through a voluntary, anonymous questionnaire survey of 166 randomly selected patients attending an outpatient clinic for patients with breast CA. Main hypotheses of bachelor thesis: 1) More than 50% of the women tested were informed of the recommendation to regularly take part in screening examinations carried out as a part of the breast cancer screening (mammography examination). 2) More than 50% of the females tested regularly (repeatedly) participated in screening examination carried out as a part of the breast cancer screening (mammography examination). 3) More than 50% of the females tested underwent breast examination outside of the breast screening (sonography). 4) More than 50% of the tested females from the group regularly performed self- examination of the breasts (palpation examination). The established hypotheses were not met. However, the result is...
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Texture modeling applied to medical images
Remeš, Václav ; Haindl, Michal (advisor)
and contributions This thesis presents novel descriptive multidimensional Markovian textural models applied to computer aided diagnosis in the field of X-ray mammogra- phy. These general mathematical models, applicable in wide areas of texture modeling outside X-ray mammography as well, provide ideal visual verification using synthesis of the corresponding measured data spaces, contrary to stan- dard discriminative models. All achieved results in the thesis are extensively benchmarked. The thesis presents two methods for breast density classification in X-ray mammography. The methods were tested on the widely known MIAS database and the state-of-the art INbreast database, with competitive results. Several methods for completely automatic mammogram texture enhance- ment are presented. These methods are based on the descriptive textural mod- els developed in the thesis which automatically adapt to the analyzed X-ray texture, thus being universal for any type of input without the need of further manual tuning of specific parameters. The methods' outputs highlight regions of interest, detected as textural abnormalities. The methods provide the pos- sibility of enhancement tuned to specific types of mammogram tissue. Hence, the enhanced mammograms can help radiologists to decrease their false negative...
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Modern Imaging Techniques in Medicine
Pařízek, Aleš ; Neuwirthová, Ludmila (referee) ; Rujbrová, Šárka (advisor)
Cílem této práce je popsat základní principy a fyzikální veličiny spjaté s jednotlivými zobrazovacími metodami a poté jednotlivé metody porovnat. Práce popisuje vznik rentgenového záření, jeho interakci s různými materiály a metody snímaní pro vytvoření obrazů. Dále se práce zabývá základním principem vytvoření 3D obrazů pomocí počítačové tomografie a jednotlivými generacemi tomografických strojů. V poslední části se práce věnuje principu nukleární magnetické resonance a základním parametrům pro vytvoření obrazů pomocí MRI systémů.
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